Publication:664777

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2011.10.010zbMATH Open1247.81164arXiv1108.0367OpenAlexW2004090240WikidataQ58324952 ScholiaQ58324952MaRDI QIDQ664777FDOQ664777

Rutwig Campoamor Stursberg, Peter D Jarvis, Stephen G. Low

Publication date: 2 March 2012

Published in: Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Symmetries in quantum mechanics are realized by the projective representations of the Lie group as physical states are defined only up to a phase. A cornerstone theorem shows that these representations are equivalent to the unitary representations of the central extension of the group. The formulation of the inertial states of special relativistic quantum mechanics as the projective representations of the inhomogeneous Lorentz group, and its nonrelativistic limit in terms of the Galilei group, are fundamental examples. Interestingly, neither of these symmetries includes the Weyl-Heisenberg group; the hermitian representations of its algebra are the Heisenberg commutation relations that are a foundation of quantum mechanics. The Weyl-Heisenberg group is a one dimensional central extension of the abelian group and its unitary representations are therefore a particular projective representation of the abelian group of translations on phase space. A theorem involving the automorphism group shows that the maximal symmetry that leaves invariant the Heisenberg commutation relations are essentially projective representations of the inhomogeneous symplectic group. In the nonrelativistic domain, we must also have invariance of Newtonian time. This reduces the symmetry group to the inhomogeneous Hamilton group that is a local noninertial symmetry of Hamilton's equations. The projective representations of these groups are calculated using the Mackey theorems for the general case of a nonabelian normal subgroup.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1108.0367

zbMATH Keywords

Born reciprocityHamilton groupMackey Representationnoninertial symmetryProjective RepresentationsSemidirect product group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of Lie groups to the sciences; explicit representations (22E70) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05) Direct sums, direct products, etc. for abelian groups (20K25) Projective representations and multipliers (20C25)

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Cited In (1)

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