Generalized Cauchy difference functional equations (Q2568000): Difference between revisions

The article concerns primarily the study of functional equations of the form \[ f(x)+ f(y)- f(x+ y)= g(H(x,y)), \] where \(H\) is a given of two (real or complex) variables and where \(f\) and \(g\) are unknown functions. Frist, the author studies the special case \[ f(x)+ f(y)- f(x+ y)= h(\phi(x)+ \phi(y)- \phi(x+y)), \] \(\phi\) analytic, whose solution is of the form \[ h(s)= A_1(1)+ c,\;s\in \{\phi(x)+ \phi(y)- \phi(x+ y)\mid (x,y)\in I^2\}, \] for \(f(x)= A_1\circ \phi(x)+ A_2(x)+c\) where \(A_1\) and \(A_2\) are arbitrary additive maps and \(c\) is a constant, \(I\) being a nonempty open connected subset of the field \(\mathbb{R}\) or \(\mathbb{C}\). Further, the author studies the general case when \[ H(x,y)= \psi(\phi(x)+ \phi(y)- \phi(x+ y)). \] Under suitable conditions the solution is the following \[ g\circ\psi(u)= A_1(u)+ c,\;u\in \{\phi(x)+ \phi(y)- \phi(x+ y)\mid x,y\in I\}, \] for \(f(x)= A_1\circ\phi(x)+ A_2(x)+ c\), \(x\in I\). Many consequences and examples are given. The proofs are exhaustive.