Dimensional regularization and renormalization of non-commutative quantum field theory (Q933739): Difference between revisions

The dimensional regularization and renormalization of the vulcanized \(\Phi^{*4}\) model on the Moyal space (Gross-Wulkenhaar scalar \(\Phi^{*4}\) model modified the kinetic part of the action in order to satisfy the Langmann-Szabo duality; \textit{H. Grosse} and \textit{R. Wulkenhaar} [Commun. Math. Phys. 254, No. 1, 91--127 (2005; Zbl 1079.81049), Lett. Math. Phys. 71, No. 1, 13--26 (2005; Zbl 1115.81055)], \textit{E. Langmann} and \textit{R. J. Szabo} [Phys. Lett., B 533, No. 1--2, 168--177 (2002; Zbl 0994.81116)]) are implemented. The action of a Grosse-Wilkenhaar model is \[ {\mathcal S}= \int d^4 x\Biggl({1\over 2} \partial_\mu\widetilde\phi* \partial^\mu\phi+ {\Omega^2\over 2}(\widetilde x_\mu\overline\phi)* (\widetilde x^\mu\phi)+ \overline\phi* \phi*\overline\phi* \phi\Biggr). \] Here \(x^{\mu}\), \(\mu= 1,\dots,D\) are noncommutative variables; \[ [x^\mu, x^\nu]= i\Theta^{\mu}\nu,\quad \Theta= \left( \begin{matrix} 0 & \theta\\ -\theta & 0 \end{matrix} \right) \oplus\cdots\oplus \left( \begin{matrix} 0 & \theta\\ -\theta & 0\end{matrix} \right) , \] \(f\star g\) is the (deformed) Moyal product \[ (f\star g)(x)= \frac{1}{ \pi^D\text{det}\Theta} \int d^D yd^D zf(x+ y) g(x+ z) e^{2iy\Theta^{-1}z}, \] \(\widetilde{x}_{\mu} = 2(\Theta^{-1})_{\mu\nu} x^\nu\) and the propagator of this model is the inverse of \(-\Delta+ \Omega^2\widetilde{x}^2\). The kernel of the propagator is \[ C(x,y) = \int^\infty_0 \frac{\widetilde{\Omega} d\alpha}{ [2\pi\sinh(\alpha)]^{D/2}}e^{-\frac{\widetilde{\Omega}}{4} (\coth(\frac{\alpha}{2})(x- y)^2+ \tanh(\frac{\alpha}{2}(x+ y)^2)}, \] where \(\widetilde{\Omega}= 2\Omega/\theta\). To study this model, first the Filk move of a graph [cf. \textit{T. Filk}, Divergence in a field theory on quantum space, Phys. Lett., B 376, 53--58 (1996)] is explained. Iterating this operation for the \(n- 1\) tree lines, a rosette; a single final vertex with all the loop lines hooked to it, is obtained. This process corresponds to the shrinking of a subgraph to a point (\S2.1). This process is applied to the graph \(G\) representing \({\mathcal S}\). (\S2.2). The leading terms (terms with the smallest global degree in the \(t\) variables) are precisely computed in \S3. In \S4. Under the rescaling \(t_\alpha\to \rho^2 t_\alpha\) of the parameter-corresponding to a divergent subgraph \(S\) of any Feynman graph \(G\), the factorization is worked out (Th. 4.1)and used to analyse the two point function (\S4, (4.28)). Then, following the approach of \textit{M. C. Bergère} and \textit{F. David} [Integral representation for the dimensionally regularized massive Feynman amplitude, J. Math. Phys. 30, 1244 (1979)], a function \({\mathcal A}_{G,\overline{v}}\) of \(D\) originally given on \(2\leq \operatorname{Re}D\leq 4\), \({\mathcal A}_{G,\overline V}\) is shown to be meromorphic on \(D^\sigma= \{D\mid 0< \operatorname{Re}D< 4+ \varepsilon_G\},\) where \(\varepsilon_G> 0\) depends on the graph \(G\) (\S5.1). Renormalizes amplitude is obtained and shown to be analytic \(D1{\sigma}\) (Th. 5.1) in \S5.2. In \S6, the last section, the authors say the factorization results (\S4) are the starting point for the implementation of a Hopf algebra structure for NCQFT (the authors refer progressing work of \textit{A. Tanas}, \textit{F. Vignes-Tourneret}, Hopf algebra for non-commutative quantum field theory). Then claim NCQFT is a strong candiate for new physics beyond the standrd model, because of the absence of Landau ghost, and the Langmann-Szabo symmetry responsible for supressing the ghost could play a role similar to supersymmetry in taming UV divergence.