On the uniqueness of weak solutions of the two-dimensional primitive equations. (Q1413557): Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 03:16, 5 March 2024

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On the uniqueness of weak solutions of the two-dimensional primitive equations.
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    On the uniqueness of weak solutions of the two-dimensional primitive equations. (English)
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    17 November 2003
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    The aim of this paper is to prove the uniqueness of weak solutions of the primitive equations in two space dimensions, with traction by wind at the surface and a friction condition at the bottom. These equations are obtained from the anisotropic Navier-Stokes equations by an asymptotics analysis as the aspect ratio \(\delta=\) depth/width of the domain goes to 0. More precisely, the domain considered is \(\Omega\) in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) defined by: \[ \Omega= \{(x, z): x\in s,\;-h(x)< z< 0\}, \] where the horizontal section \(s\) is an open interval and \(h\) is a nonnegative continuous function on \(\overline s\) vanishing on \(\partial s\). The boundary of \(\Omega\) is \(\partial\Omega= \overline\Gamma_b\cup \Gamma_s\cup \partial\Gamma_s\), where the bottom \(\Gamma_b\), the surface \(\Gamma_s\) and the shore \(\partial\Gamma_s\) are defined by: \[ \Gamma_b= \{(x,-h(x)): x\in s\},\quad \Gamma_s= \{(x,0): x\in s\},\quad \partial\Gamma_s= \{(x, 0): x\in\partial s\}. \] The primitive equations considered are as follows: \[ \begin{cases} \partial_t v+ v\partial_x v+ w\partial_z v- \nu_h\partial^2_x v-\nu_v\partial^2_z v+\partial_x p= 0,\\ \partial_z p= 0,\quad w(t,x,z)= \int^0_z \partial_x v(t,x,\xi)\,dx\xi,\\ \langle v\rangle= 0\quad\text{on }s,\end{cases} \tag{1} \] where \(u= (v, w)\) is the velocity of the fluid and \(p\) is the pressure and \[ \langle\varphi\rangle(x)= \int^0_{-h(x)} \varphi(x, z)\,dz. \] The boundary and initial conditions are \[ \begin{cases} \nu_v \partial_z v|_{\Gamma_s}= \alpha| v_{\text{air}} |(v_{\text{air}}- v|_{\Gamma_s}),\\ \nu_v\partial_z v|_{\Gamma_b}= \beta(x) v|_{\Gamma_b},\\ v|_{t= 0}= v_0,\end{cases} \tag{2} \] where \(v_{\text{air}}\) is the horizontal velocity of the wind at the surface of the ocean and \(v_0\) is the initial horizontal velocity, \((\nu_h,\nu_v)\) is an anisotropic viscosity, \(\alpha\in \mathbb{R}\) is a positive constant and \(\beta\) is a positive function defined on \(s\). Under some conditions the authors show that any weak solution of primitive equations (1)--(2) is a weak-vorticity solution i.e. it satisfies the additional regularity: \[ \partial_z v\in L^\infty(0, T;L^2(\Omega))\cap L^2(0,T; H^1(\Omega)). \] The existence of a weak-vorticity solution implies the uniqueness result.
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    weak solutions
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    uniqueness
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    Navier-Stokes equations
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    primitive equations
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    anisotropic viscosity
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    weak-vorticity
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