Nevanlinna representations in several variables (Q255878): Difference between revisions

It was \textit{R. Nevanlinna}, who characterized in [Ann. Ac. Sc. Fennicae (A) 18, No. 5, 53 p. (1922; JFM 48.1226.02)] the Cauchy transforms of positive finite measures on the real line as follows: Let \(\mathcal P\) denote the Pick class, i.e., the set of analytic functions on the upper half-plane \(\Pi\) that have non-negative imaginary part on \(\Pi\). Let \(h\) be a function defined on \(\Pi\). There exists a finite positive measure \(\mu\) on \(\mathbb R\) such that \[ h(z)=\int\frac{d\mu(t)}{t-z} \] if and only if \(h\in\mathcal P\) and \(\liminf_{y\to\infty}y| h(iy)| <\infty\). A closely related Nevanlinna's Representation Theorem provides an integral representation as follows: \(h\in\mathcal P\) if and only if there exist \(a\in\mathbb R\), \(b\geq 0\), and a finite positive Borel measure \(\mu\) on \(\mathbb R\) such that \[ h(z)=a+bz+\int\frac{1+tz}{t-z}\,d\mu(t),\quad z\in\Pi. \] Moreover, for any \(h\in\mathcal P\), the numbers \(a,b\) and the measure \(\mu\) are uniquely determined. In the paper under review the authors generalize the above classical theorems by presenting their several-variable counterparts. The authors provide four types of Nevanlinna representation for various subclasses of the \(n\)-variable Pick class \(\mathcal P_n\), where \(\mathcal P_n\) is the set of analytic functions on the polyhalf-plane \(\Pi^n\) with non-negative imaginary part on \(\Pi^n\). Moreover, the following connection between carapoints and types of Nevanlinna representations for a function \(h:\Pi^n\longrightarrow\mathbb C\) from the Loewner class \(\mathcal L_n\) is established: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] \(h\) is of type 1 if and only if \(\infty\) is a carapoint of \(h\) and \(h(\infty)=0\), \item [(2)] \(h\) is of type 2 if and only if \(\infty\) is a carapoint of \(h\) and \(h(\infty)\in\mathbb R\setminus\{0\}\), \item [(3)] \(h\) is of type 3 if and only if \(\infty\) is not a carapoint of \(h\), \item [(4)] \(h\) is of type 4 if and only if \(\infty\) is a carapoint of \(h\) and \(h(\infty)=\infty\). \end{itemize}}