The asymptotic behaviour of certain difference equations with proportional delays (Q1334572): Difference between revisions

The author investigates the recurrence equation \[ y_ n = \lambda y_{n-1} + \mu (y_{[n/2]} + y_{[(n - 1)/2]}), \quad n = 1,2, \dots, \tag{1} \] where \(y_ 0 = 1\), \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) are complex parameters. Uniform boundedness of \(\{y_ n\}\) \((n \in \mathbb{Z}^ +)\) and the form of the \(\omega\)-limit set of the solution to equation (1) are considered by using the Fourier technique introduced in an earlier paper by \textit{M. D. Buhmann} and the present author [IMA J. Numer. Anal. 12, No. 3, 339-363 (1992; Zbl 0759.65056)]. The main results proved in the article are: (i) when \(| \lambda | < 1\) and \(| \mu | < {1 \over 2} | 1 - \lambda |\), the sequence satisfying (1) is asymptotically stable; (ii) when \(\lambda = - 1\), the sequence is uniformly bounded; and (iii) when \(\lambda = - 1\) and \(\mu \neq 0\), the attractor of the sequence contains a countable subset of distinct points. A somewhat more general linear difference equation is also studied, for which the attractor is a probabilistic mixture of Julia sets if the involved parameters were chosen specifically.