Fixed points and graph images for minimal maps on the once punctured torus (Q719533): Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 11:54, 4 July 2024
scientific article
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English | Fixed points and graph images for minimal maps on the once punctured torus |
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Fixed points and graph images for minimal maps on the once punctured torus (English)
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10 October 2011
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Denote by \(X\) the once punctured torus and fix two embedded curves \(a\) and \(b\) meeting in exactly one point such that the inclusion of \(a\cup b\) into \(X\) is a homotopy equivalence. Identify homotopy classes of self-maps of \(X\) (up to conjugacy) with endomorphisms of \(\pi_1(X)\). The author proves the following theorems: Let \(W\) be a cyclically reduced word in the free group generated by \(a\) and \(b\). Suppose in addition that \(W\) is a primitive word that cannot be represented by a simple closed curve in \(X\). Let \(i:G\to X\) be a graph embedding which is a homotopy equivalence and let \(f:X\to X\) be a map determined by \(a\mapsto1\) and \(b\mapsto W\). Then \(r\circ f\circ i\) has an essential fixed point where \(r:X\to G\) is any strong deformation retraction. In particular, the word \(W=ab^{-1}a^{-1}bb\) is not represented by a simple closed curve and a map represented by \(W\) must have a fixed point free representative.
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fixed point
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homotopy equivalence
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graph representative
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