Integrability of higher pentagram maps (Q378834): Difference between revisions

\textit{R. Schwartz} defined in [Exp. Math. 1, No. 1, 71--81 (1992; Zbl 0765.52004)] 2D-pentagram map on plane convex polygons considered modulo projective equivalence. Iterations of this map on classes of projective equivalent polygons emerge quasiperiodic behaviour, that indicates hidden integrability. In the reviewed article, the authors extend the definition of the pentagram map to closed and twisted polygons in spaces of arbitrary dimension \(d\) and prove its various integrability properties. The main difficulty presented here is the choice of hyperplanes instead of diagonals. Sections 2 and 3 are devoted to the properties of the 3-dimensional pentagram map: explicit formulae and algebraic-geometric integrability for 3D pentagram map, where integrability for both closed and twisted polygons is proved, first integrals with corresponding tori, the motion along them and the relevant invariant symplectic structure are described. In all cases of higher-dimensional pentagram maps on polygons in \(\mathbb{P}^d\), their integrability is proved by presenting the Lax forms assuming their scaling invariance. It is shown also that the relevant limit of the pentagram map in \(\mathbb{R}\mathbb{P}^d\) is the \((2,d+1)\)-equation of the KdV hierarchy, which is an infinite-dimensional completely integrable system, generalizing the Boussinesq equation as a limit of the pentagram map in \(\mathbb{R}\mathbb{P}^2\).