Multipliers and tensor products of vector valued \(L^p(G,A)\) spaces (Q1417174)

Let \(G\) be a locally compact Abelian group with Haar measure and let \(X\) be a Banach space. Denote by \(L^p(G,X)\) the set of measurable functions from \(G\) into \(X\) that satisfy \(\| f(\cdot) \|_X \in L^p(G)\), where \(L^p(G)\) is the space of \(p\)-integrable, complex-valued functions on \(G\). Let \(f\ast g\) denote the convolution of \(X\)-valued functions on \(G\) and let \(A\) be a commutative Banach algebra with identity of norm one. It is known that if \({ 1 \over p} + {1 \over q} > 1, {1 \over p} + {1 \over q} - 1 = {1 \over r}, f \in L^p(G,A)\) and \(g\in L^q(G,A)\), then \(f \ast g \in L^r(G,A)\) and \(\| f \ast g \|_{rA} \leq \| f \|_{pA} \| g \|_{qA}\). Let \(L^p(G,A) \otimes_{\gamma} L^q(G,A)\) be the projective tensor product of the left Banach \(L^1(G,A)\)-module \(L^p(G,A)\) and the right Banach \(L^1(G,A)\)-module \(L^q(G,A)\). There is a linear map \(B\) from \(L^p(G,A) \otimes_{\gamma} L^q(G,A)\) into \(L^r(G,A)\) given by \(B(f \otimes g) = \widetilde{f} \ast g\), where \(f \in L^p(G,A), g \in L^q(G,A)\) and \(\widetilde{f}(x) = f(-x)\). The space \(A_p^q(G,A)\) is defined to be the range of \(B\) with the quotient norm. Thus \(A_p^q(G,A)\) is a Banach space of functions on \(G\) that are contained in \(L^r(G,A)\). Denote by \(K\) the closed subspace of \(L^p(G,A) \otimes_{\gamma} L^q(G,A)\) that is spanned by all elements of the form \((\varphi \ast f ) \otimes g - g \otimes (\widetilde{\varphi} \ast f )\), where \(f \in L^p(G,A), g\in L^q(G,A)\) and \(\varphi \in L^1(G,A)\). Note that \(K\) is contained in the kernel of \(B\). The \(L^1(G,A)\)-module tensor product \(L^p(G,A) \otimes_{L^1(G,A)} L^q(G,A)\) is defined to be the quotient Banach space \((L^p(G,A) \otimes_{\gamma} L^q(G,A))/K\). Let \(C_c(G,A)\) denote the set of \(A\)-valued continuous functions on \(G\) with compact support. For \(\varphi \in C_c(G,A)\), define \(T_{\varphi}\) by \(T_{\varphi}(f) = f \ast \varphi\), where \(f \in L^p(G,A)\) and \(1 < p < \infty\). Now let \(1 < p,q < \infty, {1 \over p} + {1 \over q} \geq 1\) and \(q'=2p\). A locally compact Abelian group \(G\) is said to satisfy property \(P_p^q\) if every element of \(\text{Hom}_{L^1(G,A)}( L^p(G,A), L^{q'}(G,A^{\ast}))\) can be approximated in the ultraweak operator topology by operators of the form \(T_{\varphi}\) for \(\varphi \in C_c(G,A).\) Suppose \(q'=2p, {1 \over p} + {1 \over q} - 1 = {1 \over r}\) and \({1 \over p} + {1 \over q} \geq 1.\) The main result of this paper is that \(G\) satisfies property \(P_p^q\) if and only if the kernel of \(B\) is \(K\) and \(L^p(G,A) \otimes_{L^1(G,A)} L^q(G,A) \equiv A_p^q(G,A).\) The author proves this by showing that if \(G\) satisfies property \(P_p^q\), then \(\text{Ker } B \subset K\). It then follows that \(L^p(G,A) \otimes_{L^1(G,A)} L^q(G,A) \equiv A_p^q(G,A).\) To prove the converse, the author uses the fact that \((L^p(G,A) \otimes_{L^1(G,A)} L^q(G,A))^{\ast} \cong (\text{Ker }B)^{\perp}\) to show that \(G\) satisfies property \(P_p^q.\) A corollary of the main result is that the space of multipliers from \(L^p(G,A)\) into \(L^{q'}(G,A^{\ast})\) is isometrically isomorphic to \((A_p^q(G,A))^{\ast}.\)