Non-existence and instantaneous extinction of solutions for singular nonlinear fractional diffusion equations (Q2628965)

Overall, the authors study the non-existence of solutions for the following diffusion problem \[ (*): \frac{\partial u(x,t)}{\partial t}+(-\Delta)^s\varphi(u)=0\text{ in }\mathbb R^N\times(0,T)\text{ such that }u(x,0)=u_0(x)\text{ for }x\in \mathbb R^N, \] such that \(\varphi(u)\in\{\log u, -u^{-n}\text{ for }n>0\}\). First, the authors apply a standard technique that the non-existence solutions rely on approximations solutions corresponding to the following diffusion problems \[ (*)_{\varepsilon}: \frac{\partial u_\varepsilon(x,t)}{\partial t}+(-\Delta)^s\varphi(u_\varepsilon)=0\text{ in }\mathbb R^N\times(0,T)\text{ and }u_\varepsilon(x,0)=u_0(x)+\varepsilon\text{ for }x\in \mathbb R^N, \] where \(\varepsilon>0\). Therefore, according to the values of \(N,s\), the authors state two results (Theorems 2.1 and 2.2) that \(\widetilde{u}(x,t)\), the limit solution, that is, \(\displaystyle\widetilde{u}(x,t)=\lim_{\varepsilon\to0}u_\varepsilon(x,t)\) is equal to zero where \(u_0\in L_{1,+}(\mathbb R^N)\), the set of positive integrable functions on \(\mathbb R^N\). Subsequently, the authors show that a strong solution \(u\) of \((*)\) vanishes (Theorem 2.3), this is due to the fact that the authors use that \(u\leq u_\varepsilon\) (Theorem 6.1). The non-existence of a weak solution is also treated in subsection 9.2. At the end the authors state a few open problems.