Analysis of a simple equation for the ground state energy of the Bose gas (Q2020198)

The manuscript is an interesting study where the integrable solutions of the system (1-1)--(1-2) provide a valuable and illuminating route to the computation of the properties of the ground state for a Bose gas. In this study, the authors first prove the solutions of Eqs. (1-1) and (1-2) without making any assumption on the potential V other than its positivity and integrability that are of physical interest are those that are integrable and satisfy $u(x)\leq 1$ for all $x$. Next, the authors proved that $u\geq 0$ if and only if $u\leq 1$. This, in principle, leaves the door open to solutions that are sometimes $>1$ and sometimes $<0$. Furthermore, they do not assume in the study that the potential is radially symmetric. However, the uniqueness statement implies that $u$ is radially symmetric whenever $V$ is radially symmetric. Finally, they study decay of $u$ at infinity, and prove that $V$ decays exponentially. The manuscript is well-written and organized. Their scientific aim is precise, and the paper's title is informative and consistent. The authors clearly outlined the research question. The study methods are valid and trustworthy. There are enough detail and information to replicate the investigation. Besides, the results support the findings. The constraints of the study are not destructive. Briefly, the study provides a simple tool to approximate the ground state energy of the Bose gas. For Part II, see [the authors, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 53, No. 5, 5322--5360 (2021; Zbl 1477.35189)].