Companion orthogonal polynomials: some applications (Q5953939)

The authors consider two distributions (positive Borel measures) on \(\mathbb R\), \(\phi_0\) and \(\phi_1\), symmetric with respect to the origin, and such that one is a rational modification of the other, namely \[ d\phi_1(x)={c \over 1+qx^2} d\phi_0(x), \qquad \int d\phi_1= \int d\phi_0. \] The paper extends the previous results by one of the authors [\textit{A. Sri Ranga}, ``Companion orthogonal polynomials'', J. Comput. Appl. Math. 75, No.~1, 23--33 (1996; Zbl 0861.42017)] by showing that for all the admissible values of the parameter \(q\) the coefficient of the three-term recurrence relation satisfied by the polynomials orthogonal with respect to \(\phi_0\) and to \(\phi_1\), can be explicitly expressed in terms of a sequence \(\ell_n=\ell_n(q)\). This result is applied to the study of Sobolev orthogonal polynomials corresponding to the so-called symmetric coherent pairs, allowing to derive new algebraic relations for these polynomials. Further applications deal with measures generating orthogonal polynomial sequences with double periodic recurrence coefficients.