Sobolev stability of Prandtl expansions for the steady Navier-Stokes equations (Q2423380)

In this paper, the authors investigated the vanishing viscosity limit of the steady Navier-Stokes equations in \(\mathbb{R}^2\): \[ \begin{cases} v^\nu\cdot\nabla v^\nu-\nu\Delta v^\nu+\nabla q^\nu=g^\nu, & \quad (x,y)\in \mathbb{T}_k\times \mathbb{R}_+,\\ \operatorname{div}v^\nu=0, & \quad (x,y)\in \mathbb{T}_k\times \mathbb{R}_+,\\ v^\nu|_{y=0}=0, \end{cases} \] where \(\mathbb{T}_k=\mathbb{R}/(\pi k)\mathbb{Z}\) with \(k>0\) is a torus with periodicity \(2\pi k\). The positive constant \(\nu\) is the viscosity coefficient. The vector field \(g^\nu\) is an external force decaying fast enough at infinity. Under the natural assumptions that \(U_s(Y)>0\) for \(Y>0\), \(U_s(0)=0\) and \(U_s'(0)>0\) for the shear flows of Prandtl type \(U^\nu=(U_s(y/\sqrt{\nu}),0)\), they establish \(H^1\)-stability of \(U^\nu\) when the coefficient \(k\) of the periodic in space is suitably small. This result is absolutely contrast with the unsteady ones, for which only Gevrey stability can be obtained even under global monotonicity and concavity hypotheses. Additionally, as a byproduct of the main result, they also provide a non-trivial example that the inviscid limit holds true in finite regularity for the steady Navier-Stokes flows.