Integrability of the pentagram map (Q394818)

The pentagram map was introduced by \textit{R. Schwartz} in [Exp. Math. 1, No. 1, 71--81 (1992; Zbl 0765.52004)] as a map defined on convex polygons understood up to projective equivalence on the real projective plane. This map sends an \(i\)-th vertex to the intersection of 2 diagonals: \((i-1, i+1)\) and \((i, i+2)\). The definition implies that this map is invariant under projective transformations. This map stands at the intersection of many branches of mathematics: dynamical systems, integrable systems, projective geometry, and cluster algebras. This paper deals with the integrability of the pentagram map. Recently, V. Ovsienko, R. Schwartz, and S. Tabachnikov proved Liouville integrability of the pentagram map for generic monodromies by providing a Poisson structure and the sufficient number of integrals in involution on the space of twisted polygons. In this paper the author proves algebraic-geometric integrability for any monodromy, i.e., for both twisted and closed polygons. For that purpose he shows that the pentagram map can be written as a discrete zero-curvature equation with a spectral parameter, study the corresponding spectral curve, and the dynamics on its Jacobian. He also proves that on the symplectic leaves Poisson brackets discovered for twisted polygons coincide with the symplectic structure obtained from Krichever-Phong's universal formula.