Beyond Diophantine Wannier diagrams: gap labelling for Bloch-Landau Hamiltonians

DOI10.4171/JEMS/1079zbMATH Open1483.81072arXiv1810.05623WikidataQ114021490 ScholiaQ114021490MaRDI QIDQ824412FDOQ824412

Horia D. Cornean, Massimo Moscolari, Domenico Monaco

Publication date: 15 December 2021

Published in: Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: It is well known that, given a $2d$ purely magnetic Landau Hamiltonian with a constant magnetic field $b$ which generates a magnetic flux $varphi$ per unit area, then any spectral island $sigm{a}_b$ consisting of $M$ infinitely degenerate Landau levels carries an integrated density of states $mathcal{I}_b=Mvarphi$. Wannier later discovered a similar Diophantine relation expressing the integrated density of states of a gapped group of bands of the Hofstadter Hamiltonian as a linear function of the magnetic field flux with integer slope. We extend this result to a gap labelling theorem for any $2d$ Bloch-Landau operator $H_b$ which also has a bounded $mathbb{Z}^2$-periodic electric potential. Assume that $H_b$ has a spectral island $sigm{a}_b$ which remains isolated from the rest of the spectrum as long as $varphi$ lies in a compact interval $[varph{i}_1,varph{i}_2]$. Then $mathcal{I}_b=c_0+c_{1}varphi$ on such intervals, where the constant $c_{0}inmathbbQ$ while $c_{1}inmathbbZ$. The integer $c_1$ is the Chern marker of the spectral projection onto the spectral island $sigm{a}_b$. This result also implies that the Fermi projection on $sigm{a}_b$, albeit continuous in $b$ in the strong topology, is nowhere continuous in the norm topology if either $c_{1}e0$ or $c_1=0$ and $varphi$ is rational. Our proofs, otherwise elementary, do not use non-commutative geometry but are based on gauge covariant magnetic perturbation theory which we briefly review for the sake of the reader. Moreover, our method allows us to extend the analysis to certain non-covariant systems having slowly varying magnetic fields.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.05623

zbMATH Keywords

magnetic perturbation theoryBloch-Landau HamiltonianChern markergap labelling theorem[https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de/w/index.php?title=+Special%3ASearch&search=St%EF%BF%BD%EF%BF%BDeda+formula&go=Go St��eda formula]

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Feynman integrals and graphs; applications of algebraic topology and algebraic geometry (81Q30) Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10) Statistical thermodynamics (82B30) Quantum state spaces, operational and probabilistic concepts (81P16) Differential geometric methods, including holonomy, Berry and Hannay phases, Aharonov-Bohm effect, etc. in quantum theory (81Q70)

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Cited In (6)

• Index theory for quasi-crystals. I: Computation of the gap-label group
• Parseval frames of exponentially localized magnetic Wannier functions
• Magnetic Dirac systems: violation of bulk-edge correspondence in the zigzag limit
• Algebraic localization of Wannier functions implies Chern triviality in non-periodic insulators
• Bulk–edge correspondence for unbounded Dirac–Landau operators
• Localization of generalized Wannier bases implies Chern triviality in non-periodic insulators

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