The nef cone of the moduli space of sheaves and strong Bogomolov inequalities (Q1670341)

This paper computes the Gieseker wall on the Bridgeland stability manifold for a polarized smooth projective surface \((X,H)\), and constructs a curve parametrizing non-isomorphic Gieseker stable sheaves of Chern character \(v\) which are \(S\)-equivalent along the Gieseker wall. Here the Gieseker wall means the largest wall in a slice (the half plane in the stability manifold determined by a pair of a divisor \(D\) and a polarization \(H\)) where a \((H,D)\)-twisted Gieseker semistable sheaf of Chern character \(v\) is destabilized. The main argument is an explicit description of the Gieseker wall using the extremal Chern character \(w\) introduced in Definition 3.1. The Chern character \(w\) determines the largest wall \(W(w,v)\), and the statement that it contains the Gieseker wall is shown in \S4 via inequalities obtained in the previous works by the authors. The other implication is shown in \S6 via constructing non-isomorphic Gieseker stable sheaves that become \(S\)-equivariant for the Bridgeland stability conditions on \(W(w,v)\). The construction uses an explicit description of walls nested inside \(W(w,v)\). As a corollary of the main theorem it is shown that the Bayer-Macrì divisor associated to the Gieseker wall is a boundary nef divisor on the moduli space of stable sheaves. Several applications of this corollary are given in \S7.