Algebraic invariants for crystallographic defects in cellular automata
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Publication:3432866
DOI10.1017/S0143385706000599zbMATH Open1129.37007arXivmath/0507167OpenAlexW1971154355MaRDI QIDQ3432866FDOQ3432866
Publication date: 19 April 2007
Published in: Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: Let L:= Z^D be the D-dimensional lattice and let A^L be the Cantor space of L-indexed configurations in some finite alphabet A, with the natural L-action by shifts. A `cellular automaton' is a continuous, shift-commuting self-map F of A^L, and an `F-invariant subshift' is a closed, F-invariant and shift-invariant subset X of A^L. Suppose x is a configuration in A^L that is X-admissible everywhere except for some small region we call a `defect'. It has been empirically observed that such defects persist under iteration of F, and often propagate like `particles' which coalesce or annihilate on contact. We construct algebraic invariants for these defects, which explain their persistence under F, and partly explain the outcomes of their collisions. Some invariants are based on the cocycles of multidimensional subshifts; others arise from the higher-dimensional (co)homology/homotopy groups for subshifts, obtained by generalizing the Conway-Lagarias tiling groups and the Geller-Propp fundamental group.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0507167
Symbolic dynamics (37B10) Dynamical aspects of cellular automata (37B15) Cellular automata (computational aspects) (68Q80)
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