Epidemic Outbreaks in Networks with Equitable or Almost-Equitable Partitions

DOI10.1137/140995829zbMath1325.05172arXiv1412.6157OpenAlexW3125246284MaRDI QIDQ3452590

Delio Mugnolo, Stefano Bonaccorsi, Francesco de Pellegrini, Stefania Ottaviano

Publication date: 13 November 2015

Published in: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study the diffusion of epidemics on networks that are partitioned into local communities. The gross structure of hierarchical networks of this kind can be described by a quotient graph. The rationale of this approach is that individuals infect those belonging to the same community with higher probability than individuals in other communities. In community models the nodal infection probability is thus expected to depend mainly on the interaction of a few, large interconnected clusters. In this work, we describe the epidemic process as a continuous-time individual-based susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model using a first-order mean-field approximation. A key feature of our model is that the spectral radius of this smaller quotient graph (which only captures the macroscopic structure of the community network) is all we need to know in order to decide whether the overall healthy-state defines a globally asymptotically stable or an unstable equilibrium. Indeed, the spectral radius is related to the epidemic threshold of the system. Moreover we prove that, above the threshold, another steady-state exists that can be computed using a lower-dimensional dynamical system associated with the evolution of the process on the quotient graph. Our investigations are based on the graph-theoretical notion of equitable partition and of its recent and rather flexible generalization, that of almost equitable partition.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6157

zbMATH Keywords

graph spectrahierarchical networkssusceptible-infected-susceptible modelequitable and almost equitable partitions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Epidemiology (92D30) Applications of graph theory (05C90) Small world graphs, complex networks (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C82) Nonlinear ordinary differential equations and systems (34A34) Dynamic lattice systems (kinetic Ising, etc.) and systems on graphs in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C20) Global stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D23)

Cites Work

• The \(N\)-intertwined SIS epidemic network model
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Related Items (8)

Epidemics on networks with heterogeneous population and stochastic infection rates ⋮ Invariant Synchrony Subspaces of Sets of Matrices ⋮ Global stability of multi‐group SAIRS epidemic models ⋮ Sequences of lower and upper bounds for the spectral radius of a nonnegative matrix ⋮ Universality of SIS epidemics starting from small initial conditions ⋮ Nonlinear network dynamics with consensus-dissensus bifurcation ⋮ Clustering for epidemics on networks: A geometric approach ⋮ Accuracy criterion for mean field approximations of Markov processes on hypergraphs

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