Uniform boundedness for approximations of the identity with nondoubling measures (Q2471945)

\textit{X. Tolsa} [Adv. Math. 164, No.1, 57--116 (2001; Zbl 1015.42010)] constructed a class of approximations of the identity \(\{ S_k \}_{k \in {\mathbb Z}}\) and used it to develop a Littlewood-Paley theory with nondoubling measures in \(L^p(\mu)\): \[ \| f \|_{L^p(\mu)} \approx \Big\| \Big( \sum_{k} | S_k f -S_{k-1} f |^2 \Big)^{1/2} \Big\|_{L^p(\mu)} \quad (1<p< \infty). \] This plays a key role in the study of harmonic analysis on nondoubling measure spaces. The authors consider the case \(p=1\) and prove that \[ \| S_k f \|_{H^1 (\mu)} \leq C \| f \|_{H^1 (\mu)}, \] where \(H^1\) is the Hardy space. They also prove the following: Let \(M_S f(x) \equiv \sup_{k} | S_k f(x) |\). Then \[ \| M_S f \|_{L^1 (\mu)} \leq C \| f \|_{H^1 (\mu)}. \] They also prove BMO estimates.