Wild hereditary Artin algebras and linear methods (Q1070318)

Let A be a representation-infinite, basic, connected, hereditary Artin algebra with the centre k and mod A be the category of finite dimensional right A-modules. Denote by \({\mathcal P}\), \({\mathcal Q}\), \({\mathcal R}\) the full subcategories of mod A formed by all indecomposable preprojective, regular and preinjective modules, respectively. It is known that, if A is tame, then an indecomposable A-module belongs to \({\mathcal P}\) (resp. \({\mathcal R}\), \({\mathcal I})\) if and only if its defect is negative (resp. zero, positive). Here, for a fixed S from the additive category add \({\mathcal R}\) of \({\mathcal R}\), one defines the family of functions \(\delta^ S_ j: mod A\to Z\), \(j\in Z\), called weak defects, by setting \[ \delta^ S_ j(X)=\dim_ kHom_ A(DTr)^ j(S),X)-\dim_ kExt^ 1_ A((DTr)^ j(S),X), \] where Z is the set of integers, X belongs to mod A and DTr is the Auslander-Reiten operator. Using the weak defect functions the author proves the following characterizations of preprojective, regular and preinjective modules over wild hereditary algebras: (1) \(X\in {\mathcal P}\) iff \(\delta^ S_ j(X)\leq 0\) for all integers j iff \(\delta^ S_ j(X)<0\) for all but a finite number of integers j; (2) \(X\in {\mathcal I}\) iff \(\delta^ S_ j(X)\geq 0\) for all integers j iff \(\delta^ S_ j(X)>0\) for all but a finite number of integers j; (3) If \(X\in {\mathcal R}\), then there are integers m and n such that \(\delta^ S_ j(X)>0\) for \(j\leq m\) and \(\delta^ S_ j(X)<0\) for \(i\geq n\). Moreover, one proves that, if A is wild and X,Y\(\in {\mathcal R}\), then there exists an integer m such that \(Hom_ A(X,(DTr)^ n(Y))\neq 0\) for all \(n\geq m\). This shows that A is wild if and only if for any two of its Auslander-Reiten components \({\mathcal C}_ 1\) and \({\mathcal C}_ 2\) there exists a non-zero map from \({\mathcal C}_ 1\) to \({\mathcal C}_ 2\) or from \({\mathcal C}_ 2\) to \({\mathcal C}_ 1\). It is shown also that, for A wild, unique functors from \({\mathcal P}\) to the category of abelian groups with Gabriel dimension are those of finite length.