On weighted \(L^2\) estimates of solutions to wave equations (Q1385424)

In recent years, there have been many works concerning local smoothing properties of solutions to the wave and Schrödinger equations, or more generally, to dispersive equations. Roughly speaking, these results say that the solutions to such equations have a local smoothness property with space-time mixed norms, the degree of which is a bit higher than that of the initial data. Concretely, [\textit{P. Constantin} and \textit{J. C. Saut}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 1, No. 2, 413-439 (1988; Zbl 0667.35061)], proved that, in the case of the Schrödinger equation, the solution \(u(t,x)= e^{-it\Delta} u(x)\) satisfies \(| D|^{1/2} u(t,x) \in L^2_{\text{loc}} (\mathbb{R}^{n+1})\) if \(u(x)\in L^2 (\mathbb{R}^n)\). Our purpose is to improve such results, especially to extend the results of \textit{M. Ben-Artzi} and \textit{S. Klainerman} [J. Anal. Math. 58, 25-37 (1992; Zbl 0802.35057)]. We prove the following Theorem: (i) Let \(u(t,x)\) be a solution of the following initial value problem: \[ \partial_t u+i\Delta u=f, \quad u|_{t=0} = \varphi. \] If \(\varphi\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\) and \(| x| f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})\), then we have \(| x|^{-1} u\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})\). (ii) Let \(w(t,x)\) be a solution of the following initial value problem: \[ \partial^2_t w-\Delta w=f, \quad w|_{t=0} =\varphi, \quad w_t |_{t=0} = \psi. \] If \(\varphi \in\dot H^{1/2} (\mathbb{R}^n)\), \(\psi\in \dot H^{-1/2} (\mathbb{R}^n)\) and \(| x| f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})\), then we have \(| x|^{-1} w\in L^2 (\mathbb{R}^{n+1})\). (Here we denote by \(\dot H^s\) the homogeneous Sobolev space).