Dynamical systems associated to separated graphs, graph algebras, and paradoxical decompositions (Q2445312)

The authors consider finite bipartite separated graphs, to which they associate a partial dynamical system and the corresponding partial crossed product \(C^*\)-algebra. Properties of the dynamical system, such as topological freeness, and of the \(C^*\)-algebra crossed product are investigated. A separated graph \((E, C)\) consists of a directed graph \(E\) together with a set \(C=\sqcup_{v\in E^0}C_v\), where \(C_v\) is a partition of the set of edges whose range is \(v\). The construction of the \(C^*\)-algebra \(C^*(E,C)\) of the separated graph is due to \textit{P. Ara} and \textit{K. R. Goodearl} [J. Funct. Anal. 261, No. 9, 2540--2568 (2011; Zbl 1235.46048)], and the same authors also constructed a Leavitt path algebra \(L_K(E, C)\) for \(K\) an arbitrary field [\textit{P. Ara} and \textit{K. R. Goodearl}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 669, 165--224 (2012; Zbl 1281.46050)]. It is shown in the paper under review that the partial dynamical system \((\Omega(E, C),\mathbb{F}, \theta)\) associated to \((E,C)\) is so that the partial crossed product is a canonical quotient of \(C^*(E,C)\). For any field \(K\) with an involution, it is shown that the algebraic partial crossed product \(L_K^{ab}(E,C)\) associated to the bipartite separated graph is a canonical quotient of the Leavitt path algebra \(L_K(E,C)\) constructed earlier by Ara and Goodearl [loc.\,cit.]. The authors study the monoid of isomorphism classes of finitely generated projective modules over \(L_K^{ab}(E,C)\). One outcome of the present investigation is an example of an action of a finitely generated free group on a zero-dimensional metrisable compact space such that the associated type semigroup is not almost unperforated: existence of this example settles (in the negative) a question of \textit{D. Kerr} and \textit{P. W. Nowak} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 32, No. 5, 1585--1614 (2012; Zbl 1280.37009)] and of \textit{M. Rørdam} and \textit{A. Sierakowski} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 32, No. 1, 273--293 (2012; Zbl 1252.46061)].