Non-Kähler SYZ mirror symmetry (Q500036)

The Strominger-Yau-Zaslow (SYZ) approach to mirror symmetry [\textit{A. Strominger} et al., Nucl. Phys., B 479, No. 1--2, 243--259 (1996; Zbl 0896.14024)] brought rich results when applied for Kähler manifolds. But in string theory, the presence of fluxes in supersymmetric systems results in geometries that are generically non-Kähler. Therefore, to apply the SYZ approach to mirror symmetry for non-Kähler manifolds is important. This paper performs an SYZ approach for two classes of non-Kähler Calabi-Yau manifolds, called type IIA and IIB, and prove the following: Theorem 1.1. Under SYZ and Fourier-Mukai transform, a semi-flat supersymmetric type-IIA \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\) structure is transformed into a semi-flat supersymmetric type-IIB \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\) structure, and their flux also correspond to each other by Fourier-Mukai transform. Here, the non-Kähler Calabi-Yau manifolds are non-Kähler almost Hermitian manifolds with \(c_1 = 0\). An \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\)-structure on a \(2n\)-dimensional real manifold is a pair \((\omega, \Omega)\), where \(\Omega\) is a nowhere vanishing complex \(n\)-form by which an almost complex structure \(J\) of \(X\) is induced. \(\omega\) is a non-degenerate real \((1,1)\)-form with respect to this almost complex structure such that \(\omega(\cdot, J\cdot)\) defines a Hermitian structure on \(X\) (for the details, see Definition 2.1). An \(\mathrm{SU}(3)\)-structure is said to be supersymmetric of type IIA if \(d\omega = 0\) and \(dR\Omega = 0\), and said to be supersymmetric of type IIB if \(\Omega\) defines an honest complex structure and \(\omega\) defines a balanced metric, that is \(d\Omega = 0\) and \(d(\omega^2) = 0\) (Definitions 2.3 and 2.2). They arise from the imposition of supersymmetry in type IIA/IIB string theory. The authors remark that the settings of type IIA and IIB superstring systems in this paper follows the form expressed in [\textit{L.-S. Tseng} and \textit{S.-T. Yau}, Commun. Math. Phys. 326, No. 3, 875--885 (2014; Zbl 1288.81125)], in which an Ramond-Ramond flux is present. Supersymmetric type-IIB \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\)-structures are defined in the same way (Definition 2.4: \(d\Omega = 0\), \(d(\omega^n) = 0\)). While to define a supersymmetric type IIA-\(\mathrm{SU}(n)\) structure, \(n > 3\), one needs to use special polarization (Definitions 2.6 and 2.8). After defining supersymmetric type IIA and IIB \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\) structures, the SYZ transform and the Fourier-Mukai transform of differential forms are explained in Section 3 and 4, cf. [\textit{N. C. Leung} et al., Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 4, No. 6, 1319--1341 (2000; Zbl 1033.53044)]. After these preparations, a detailed form of Theorem 1.1 is proved in Section 5 (Theorem 5.1). In Section 6, the Bott-Chern cohomology, the Tseng-Yau cohomology and its refinement for a given real polarization, are introduced, and the author show relations between them and deformations of supersymmetric type IIA/IIB \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\) structures (Propositions 6.4 and 6.6). It is also shown that these cohomologies are related to each other via mirror symmetry (Theorem 6.7). In Section 7, the last section, as examples of supersymmetric type IIA/IIB \(\mathrm{SU}(n)\) structures, nilmanifolds, namely the quotients of the group of upper triangle matrices with diagonals \(a_{i,i}\) equal to 1, by the subgroup consisting of matrices with integer entries, are studied.