Some general results on plane curves with total inflection points (Q2642253)

Let \(e\) and \(d\) be nonzero natural numbers. Denote by \(V_{d,e}\) the set consisting of elements \((L_1,P_1),\dots,(L_e,P_e)\), where \(L_1,\dots,L_e\) are complex projective lines in the complex projective plane \(\mathbb P^2\), \(P_i\) a point on the line \(L_i\) for each \(i\), \(P_i\notin L_j\), for each \(i\neq j\) and such that there exists a plane curve \(C\) of degree \(d\) with contact order \(d\) with \(L_i\) at \(P_i\). So the points \(P_1,\dots,P_e\) are the total inflections points of \(C\). Denote by \(\mathcal P^2=\{(L,P)\subset (\mathbb P^2)^*\times\mathbb P^2: P\in L\}\subset(\mathbb P^2)^*\times\mathbb P^2\) the incidense relation. Let \((\mathcal L,\mathcal P)\in V_{d,e}\). Since \(dP_i\) is a divisor on \(L_i\), consider the subscheme \(d\mathcal P:=dP_1+\cdots+dP_e\subset\mathbb P^2\). Denote by \(V(\mathcal L,\mathcal P):=\{s\in\Gamma (\mathbb P^2,\mathcal O_{\mathbb P^2}(d)):d\mathcal P\subset Z(s)\}\). In this paper the authors show a general result (proposition 1.3) related with the dimension of the variety \(V(\mathcal L,\mathcal P)\). The first part of this proposition is a result of \textit{A. M. Vermeulen} [``Weierstrass points of weight two on curves of genus three.'' Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam, Faculteit voor Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappen (1983; Zbl 0534.14010)]. Using a result of \textit{E.~Arbarello} and \textit{M.~Cornalba} [Math. Ann. 256, 341--362 (1981; Zbl 0454.14023)], the authors generalize the main result of a paper of \textit{E. Ballico} [JP J. Algebra Number Theory Appl. 4, No. 3, 447--453 (2004; Zbl 1078.14040)]. This generalization is for the case \(e\geq 3\). In the last section, the authors show that each component of \(V_{d,e}\) has codimension at most \(\frac{(e-1)(e-2)}{2}\) inside \((\mathcal P^2)^e\), also they introduce the definition of the expected dimension and exceptional dimension for a component \(V\subset V_{d,e}\): \(V\) has the expected dimension if \(\dim(V)=3e-\frac{(e-1)(e-2)}{2}\) and we say that \(V\) is of exceptional dimension if \(\dim V>3e-\frac{(e-1)(e-2)}{2}\). For \(e\geq 9\) (this bound is independent of \(d\)) all components of \(V_{d,e}\) have exceptional dimension. In example 3.4 they show that for the case \(e=3\), all components \(V\) of \(V_{d,3}\subset(\mathcal P^2)^3\) are of expected dimension 8. In the example 3.5 they exhibit for even \(d\) natural number a component \(V\subset V_{d,e}\) of dimension \(5+e\), so \(V\) is of unexpected dimension if and only if \(e>4\). In example 3.6 for \(e\geq 3\) they give an example of a component \(V\subset V_{d,e}\) of dimension \(2e+2\). Then \(V\) is of unexpected dimension if \(e>3\).