Homotopy theory of nonsymmetric operads (Q541299)

Model categories of operads have been considered in the symmetric case by \textit{V. Hinich} [Commun. Algebra 25, No.~10, 3291--3323 (1997; Zbl 0894.18008)] and \textit{C. Berger} and \textit{I. Moerdijk} [Comment. Math. Helv. 78, No.~4, 805--831 (2003; Zbl 1041.18011)] They showed that under certain hypotheses, the category of operads can be given a model category structure. This paper considers the nonsymmetric case. This has previously been considered by \textit{J. E. Harper} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 214, No.~8, 1407--1434 (2010; Zbl 1231.55011)]; the present work is a more general setting. This paper proves that under the much milder condition of the standard monoid axiom of \textit{S. Schwede} and \textit{B. E. Shipley} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 80, No.~2, 491--511 (2000; Zbl 1026.18004)], the category of nonsymmetric operads is a cofibrantly generated model category where the weak equivalences and fibrations are defined levelwise. The paper propves these by very explicit analysis of the structure of properties of pushouts of operads. Similarly, algebras in a monoidal model category satisfying the monoid axiom are shown to be a cofibrantly generated model category. The author concludes by applying this framework to show that in many standard examples, the homotopy theory of enriched categories coincides with the homotopy of \(A_{\infty}\)-categories.