Nilpotent orbits over ground fields of good characteristic (Q1890250)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field extension of an infinite field \(F\) of characteristic \(p\), and let \(G\) be a connected reductive group defined over \(F\) such that \(p\) is good for \(G\). This paper is a study of the nilpotent orbits of the \(F\)-rational points of \(G\) on \(\mathfrak{g}\left( F\right) ,\) where \(\mathfrak{g}\) is the Lie algebra of \(F\). These are called arithmetic nilpotent orbits. In the case where \(F=k\) these orbits are described by the Bala-Carter theorem. Assume that \(\mathfrak{g}\) has a non-degenerate bilinear form and \(X\in \mathfrak{g}\). Then the unipotent radical of the centralizer of \(X\) is defined and split over \(F\). This result is derived using the theory of cocharacters, specifically the fact that \(X\) has an \(F\)-cocharacter associated to it. Suppose \(F\) is complete with respect to a discrete valuation and the residue field of \(F\) is either finite or algebraically closed. Then if each adjoint nilpotent orbit is separable then there are only finitely many arithmetic nilpotent orbits. This is obtained through Galois cohomological methods. An example is given: when \(F\) is a local field and \(p\) is odd: the arithmetic nilpotent orbits of \(G\left( \Lambda \right) :=\left\{ g\in \text{Mat} _{2}\left( Q\right) \,| \,g\cdot \sigma \left( g\right) =1\right\} \) are given, where \(Q\) is a 4-dimensional division algebra with center \(F\) and \( \sigma \) is a certain involution of Mat\(_{2}\left( Q\right) .\) Finally, in the case where \(F\) has a finite residue field, the author shows that arbitrary orbital integrals on \(G\) and \(\mathfrak{g}\) converge when \(G\) is strongly standard.