Equivariant autoequivalences for finite group actions (Q2456214)

The paper under review deals with the Fourier-Mukai tecnique in the equivariant setting. For any smooth complex projective variety \(Y\) provided with the action of a finite group \(G\), denote by \(\text{D}^{G}(Y)\) the bounded derived category of \(G\)-linearised coherent sheaves on \(Y\) or equivalently the triangulated category consisting of \(G\)-linearised objects of the bounded derived category \(\text{D}^{b}(Y)\) of coherent sheaves on \(Y\). Lemma 5 states that any object \((P,\rho)\) of \(\text{D}^{b}(Y)\) naturally induces an exact functor \(FM^{G}_{(P,\rho)}:\text{D}^{G}(X) \rightarrow \text{D}^{G}(X')\). Moreover if \(P\) is the kernel of an equivalence between \(\text{D}^{b}(X)\) and \(\text{D}^{b}(X')\), then \(FM^{G}_{(P,\rho)}\) is an also an equivalence. As a consequence, derived equivalent smooth complex projective surfaces have punctual Hilbert schemes derived equivalent (Proposition 8). More precisely, let \(K\) be the Kernel of en equivalence between \(\text{D}^{b}(Z)\) and \(\text{D}^{b}(W)\), where \(Z\) and \(W\) are amooth complex projective surfaces. The exterior product \(p^{*}_{1}(K)\otimes\cdots\otimes p^{*}_{n}(K)\in D^{b}(Z^{n}\times W^{n})\) is the kernel of an equivalence between \(\text{D}^{b}(Z^{n})\) and \(\text{D}^{b}(W^{n})\). Moreover it has an obvious \(S_{n\:\Delta}\)-linearisation (\(S_{n}\) is the symmetric group of order \(n\)). It follows by Lemma 5 that \(\text{D}^{S_{n}}(Z^{n})\) and \(\text{D}^{S_{n}}(W^{n})\) are equivalent. A theorem of \textit{T. Bridgeland, A. King} and \textit{M. Reid} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 14, No. 3, 535--554 (2001; Zbl 0966.14028)] implies that, for a smooth complex surface \(T\) the triangulated category \(\text{D}^{S_{n}}(T^{n})\) is equivalent to the bounded derived category of the Hilbert scheme \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(T)\) parametrizing 0-dimensional subschemes of length \(n\) on \(T\). Therefore \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(Z)\) and \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(Z')\) are derived equivalent. Proposition 8 implies that birational punctual Hilbert schemes of \(K3\) sufaces are derived equivalent (Proposition 10). If \(S\) and \(S'\) are projective \(K3\) such that \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(S)\) and \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(S')\) are birational, then \(S\) and \(S'\) have the same transcendental lattice, hence by a theorem of \textit{D. O. Orlov} [J. Math. Sci., New York 84, No. 5, 1361--1381 (1997; Zbl 0938.14019)], they are derived equivalent. By Proposition 8 the same holds for \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(S)\) and \(\text{Hilb}^{n}(S')\). In the general case where the finite group \(G\) acts on a smooth projective variety \(X\), denote by \(\text{Aut}(\text{D}^{b}(X))^{G}\) the group of autoequivalence of \(\text{D}^{b}(X)\) which are invariant under the action of \(G\) and set \(\text{Aut}^{G_{\Delta}}(\text{D}^{b}(X)):=\{(P,\rho)\in \text{D}^{G_{\Delta}}(X\times X): P\in \text{Aut}(\text{D}^{b}(X))\}\). The main theorem of the paper compares these groups with the automorphism group \(\text{Aut}(\text{D}^{G}(X))\). Theorem 6. Suppose that the finite group \(G\) acts faithfully on the smooth projective variety \(X\). (1) The construction of inflation gives a group homomorphism \text{inf} which fits in the following exact sequence, where \(Z(G)\subset G\) is the centre of \(G\): \[ 0\longrightarrow Z(G)\longrightarrow\text{Aut}^{G_{\Delta}}(\text{D}^{b}(X)) \overset\inf{\longrightarrow}\text{Aut}(\text{D}^{G}(X)). \] (2) Forgetting the \(G_{\Delta}\)-linearisation gives a group homomorphism which sits in the following exact sequence; here \(G_{\text{ab}}:= G/[G,G]\) is the abelianisation, which is non-canonically isomorphic to \(\text{Hom}(G,\mathbb{C}^{*})=H^{1}(G,\mathbb{C}^{*})\): \[ 0\longrightarrow G_{\text{ab}}\longrightarrow\text{Aut}^{G_{\Delta}}(\text{D}^{b}(X)) \overset{\text{for}}{\longrightarrow} \text{Aut}(\text{D}^{b}(X))^{G}\longrightarrow H^{2}(G,\mathbb{C}^{*}). \]