Gopakumar-Vafa invariants and wall-crossing (Q6158167)

This paper introduces a generalization of the definition of Gopakumar-Vafa (GV) invariants on Calabi-Yau 3-folds, building upon previous work by \textit{D. Maulik} and \textit{Y. Toda}, [Invent. Math. 213, No. 3, 1017--1097 (2018; Zbl 1400.14141)]. The generalization involves using an analogue of BPS sheaves introduced by \textit{B. Davison} and \textit{S. Meinhardt}, [Invent. Math. 221, No. 3, 777--871 (2020; Zbl 1462.14020)] on coarse moduli spaces of one-dimensional twisted semistable sheaves with arbitrary holomorphic Euler characteristics. The main conjecture addressed in the paper is Conjecture 1.2, which posits the independence of the invariant \(\Phi_\sigma(\gamma,m)\) from \(\sigma\) and \(m\). The results of the paper include Theorem 1.3, demonstrating the independence of stability conditions in Conjecture 1.2 under certain conditions. Theorems 1.4 and 1.5 further extend the applications, showcasing the independence of the invariant from \(m\) and proving the invariance under flops.