Exceptional singular \(\mathbb Q\)-homology planes (Q646404)

A normal quasi-projective surface \(S/\mathbb{C}\) is called a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-homology plane if \(H_i(S;\mathbb{Q})= (0)\) for \(i> 0\). There are many interesting results about such surfaces proved by several authors, particularly if \(S\) has at most quotient singular points. In this paper the author assumes that the log Kodaira dimension of the smooth locus of \(S\) is at most 1. The case when the smooth locus of \(S\) does not have an \(\mathbb{A}^1\)-fibration or a \(\mathbb{C}^*\)-fibration is always difficult to study. The author further assumes that the exceptional locus of a suitable resolution of singularities of \(S\) is a disjoint union of trees of smooth rational curves. The main result says that there are, upto isomorphism, only two such surfaces which do not have a \(\mathbb{A}^1\)-fibration or a \(\mathbb{C}^*\)-fibration on their smooth locus. For both, the log Kodaira dimension of the smooth locus is 0 and very simple (unique) singular point. The proof uses nicely the theory of open algebraic surfaces and the Bogomolov-Miyaoka-Yau inequality by Kobayashi-Nakamura-Sakai, and Langer.