Lindblad equation

Community: MathModDB

continuous-time expression

mathematical expression

Available identifiers

WikidataQ4476520 ScholiaQ4476520MaRDI QIDQ6534317

describes open system quantum dynamics including dissipation and/or decoherence, named after Goeran Lindblad

Also known as Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan–Lindblad Equation

Description

Markovian quantum master equation for the evolution of quantum mechanical density matrices (pure or mixed states). It generalizes the Schrödinger equation to open quantum systems; that is, systems in contacts with their surroundings. The resulting dynamics is no longer unitary, but still satisfies the property of being trace-preserving and completely positive for any initial condition.

Defining Formula: $\frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}t}\rho =-\frac{\mathrm{i}}{\hslash }[H,\rho ]+\sum _{k=1}^{N^2-1}{\gamma }_k(L_k\rho L_k^{†}-\frac{1}{2}[L_k^{†}{L}_k,\rho {]}_{+})$

$H$ represents Hamiltonian operator

$L$ represents jump operator

$\gamma >0$ represents quantum damping rate

$\hslash$ represents reduced Planck constant

$\rho$ represents quantum density operator

$t$ represents time

$\mathrm{i}$ represents imaginary unit

List of contained entities

detailed balance	${\Gamma }_{n\to m,m>n}=e^{-\frac{E_m-E_n}{k_{B}T}}{\Gamma }_{m\to n,m>n}$
	$E$ represents quantum eigen energy
	$T$ represents temperature
	$\Gamma$ represents quantum damping rate
	$k_B$ represents Boltzmann constant
	$m$ represents quantum number
	$n$ represents quantum number
initial quantum density	$\rho (t=0)={\rho }_0$	initial condition
	$\rho$ represents quantum density operator
	$t$ represents time
quantum Hamiltonian (electric charge)	$H=H_0+q\varphi$
	$H_0$ represents Hamiltonian operator
	$\varphi$ represents electric potential
	$q$ represents electric charge
	$H$ represents quantum Hamiltonian (electric charge)
quantum Hamiltonian (electric dipole)	$H=H_0-\mu \cdot ℰ$
	$H$ represents quantum Hamiltonian (electric dipole)
	$H_0$ represents Hamiltonian operator
	$ℰ$ represents electric field
	$\mu$ represents electric dipole moment
quantum Hamiltonian (electric polarizability)	$H=H_0-\frac{1}{2}\alpha {ℰ}^2$
	$H$ represents Hamiltonian operator
	$H_0$ represents Hamiltonian operator
	$\alpha$ represents polarizability
	$ℰ$ represents electric field

Related URL

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindbladian

Further items linking to Lindblad equation

Item	Property
electron shuttling model	contains
quantum model (open system)	contains
quantum time evolution	contains

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