Genericity, the Arzhantseva-Ol'shanskii method and the isomorphism problem for one-relator groups. (Q707441)

A property \(P\) of \(m\)-generator and \(n\)-relator groups is generic if a randomly chosen such group has the property \(P\). In this paper the authors introduce Arzhantseva-Ol'shanskii's definition of genericity (it differs from the definition by Gromov), and present two definitions: (i) a tuple of nontrivial cyclically reduced words \((r_1,\dots,r_n)\) in \(F(A)\) satisfying the \((\lambda,\mu,m)\)-condition and (ii) the class \(P(\lambda,\mu,m,n)\) of finite group presentations on \(m\) generators with \(n\) defining relators as the collection of all presentations of the form \(\langle a_1,\dots,a_m\mid r_1,\dots, r_n\rangle\), where the \(n\)-tuple \((r_1,\dots, r_n)\) satisfies the \((\lambda,\mu,m)\)-condition. The main results of the paper state: (1) Let \(m\geq 2\) and \(n\geq 1\) be integers, \(F(A)= F(a_1,\dots,a_m)\) and let \(0<\mu<1\) and \(\lambda>0\) be real numbers such that \(\lambda\leq\mu/15m+3\mu<1/6\). Suppose that \(G\) is a group defined by a presentation \(G=\langle a_1,\dots,a_m\mid r_1,\dots,r_n\rangle\) which belongs to the class \(P(\lambda,\mu,m,n)\). Then \(G\) is torsion-free one-ended word hyperbolic and every \((m-1)\)-generated subgroup of \(G\) is free. Moreover, any \(m\)-tuple generating a non-free subgroup of \(G\) is Nielsen-equivalent to the tuple \((a_1,\dots,a_n)\) in \(G\), and \(G\) is co-Hopfian. (2) For an \(m\)-generator one-relator group \(G=\langle a_1,\dots,a_m\mid r\rangle\) with the \(m\)-Nielsen uniqueness property and for any other \(m\)-generator one-relator group \(H= \langle a_1,\dots,a_m\mid s\rangle\), the groups \(G\) and \(H\) are isomorphic if and only if there is an automorphism of \(F(\langle a_1,\dots,a_m\rangle)\) taking \(s\) to either \(r\) or \(r^{-1}\). So the paper describes the isomorphism problem is solvable in at most exponential time for a class of one-relator groups which is exponentially generic in the sense of Ol'shanskii. It is very interesting and recommendable to read it for many geometric group theorists who are interested in isomorphism problems in group theory.