A Discretize-then-Optimize Approach to PDE-Constrained Shape Optimization
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Abstract: We consider discretized two-dimensional PDE-constrained shape optimization problems, in which shapes are represented by triangular meshes. Given the connectivity, the space of admissible vertex positions was recently identified to be a smooth manifold, termed the manifold of planar triangular meshes. The latter can be endowed with a complete Riemannian metric, which allows large mesh deformations without jeopardizing mesh quality; see arXiv:2012.05624. Nonetheless, the discrete shape optimization problem of finding optimal vertex positions does not, in general, possess a globally optimal solution. To overcome this ill-possedness, we propose to add a mesh quality penalization term to the objective function. This allows us to simultaneously render the shape optimization problem solvable, and keep track of the mesh quality. We prove the existence of a globally optimal solution for the penalized problem and establish first-order necessary optimality conditions. The second purpose of this paper is to study the impact of the choice of Riemannian metric on the steepest descent method. We compare the Euclidean, elasticity, and a novel complete metric, combined with Euclidean and geodesic retractions to perform the mesh deformation. It turns out that the complete metric, combined with a Euclidean retraction, performs well even in the absence of the mesh quality penalty.
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Cited in
(5)- Shape optimization by constrained first-order system least mean approximation
- Numerical techniques for geodesic approximation in Riemannian shape optimization
- Exact shape derivatives with unfitted finite element methods
- Constrained L^p approximation of shape tensors and its role for the determination of shape gradients
- Mesh denoising and inpainting using the total variation of the normal and a shape Newton approach
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