A Theorem on the origin of Phase Transitions
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Abstract: For physical systems described by smooth, finite-range and confining microscopic interaction potentials V with continuously varying coordinates, we announce and outline the proof of a theorem that establishes that unless the equipotential hypersurfaces of configuration space Sigma_v ={(q_1,...,q_N)in R^N | V(q_1,...,q_N) = v}, v in R, change topology at some v_c in a given interval [v_0, v_1] of values v of V, the Helmoltz free energy must be at least twice differentiable in the corresponding interval of inverse temperature (�eta(v_0), �eta(v_1)) also in the N -> infty and the {Sigma_v}_{v > v_c}, which is the consequence of the existence of critical points of V on Sigma_{v=v_c}, that is points where
abla V=0.
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