A hierarchy of maps between compacta

DOI10.2307/2586802MaRDI QIDQ4948532zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Paul Bankston

Publication date 4 June 2001

Published in Journal of Symbolic Logic (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9704205

zbMATH Keywords

category of compact Hausdorff spaces and continuous mapsco-elementaryco-existential mapcompactumcontinuuminverse systemlimit mapsmap of level \(\geq \alpha\)ultracoproductultraproduct

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ultraproducts and related constructions (03C20) Spectra in general topology (54B35) Special maps on topological spaces (open, closed, perfect, etc.) (54C10) Compactness (54D30) Special constructions of topological spaces (spaces of ultrafilters, etc.) (54D80) Continua and generalizations (54F15) Dimension theory in general topology (54F45) Unicoherence, multicoherence (54F55) Groups of diffeomorphisms and homeomorphisms as manifolds (58D05)

Abstract: Let $CH$ be the class of compacta (i.e., compact Hausdorff spaces), with $BS$ the subclass of Boolean spaces. For each ordinal $alpha$ and pair $(K,L)$ of subclasses of $CH$, we define $Le{v}_{>=alpha}(K,L)$, the class of maps of level at least $alpha$ from spaces in $K$ to spaces in $L$, in such a way that, when $alpha<omega$, $$ consists of the Stone duals of Boolean lattice embeddings that preserve all prenex first-order formulas of quantifier rank $alpha$. Maps of level $>=0$ are just the continuous surjections, and the maps of level $>=1$ are the co-existential maps. Co-elementary maps are of level $>=alpha$ for all ordinals $alpha$; of course in the Boolean context, the co-elementary maps coincide with the maps of level $>=omega$. The results of this paper include: (i) every map of level $>=omega$ is co-elementary; (ii) the limit maps of an $omega$-indexed inverse system of maps of level $>=alpha$ are also of level $>=alpha$; and (iii) if $K$ is a co-elementary class, $k<omega$ and $Le{v}_{>=k}(K,K)=Le{v}_{>=k+1}(K,K)$, then $$. A space $X$ in $K$ is co-existentially closed in $K$ if $Le{v}_{>=0}(K,X)=Le{v}_{>=1}(K,X)$. We showed in an earlier paper that every infinite member of a co-inductive co-elementary class (such as $CH$ itself, $BS$, or the class $CON$ of continua) is a continuous image of a space of the same weight that is co-existentially closed in that class. We show here that every compactum that is co-existentially closed in $CON$ (a "co-existentially closed continuum") is both indecomposable and of covering dimension one.

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Cites work

• Co-elementary equivalence for compact Hausdorff spaces and compact abelian groups
• Co-elementary equivalence, co-elementary maps, and generalized arcs
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• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3172146 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3326329 (Why is no real title available?)
• Lattices and topological spaces
• More on Compact Hausdorff Spaces and Finitary Duality
• Nonstandard hulls of Banach spaces
• Reduced coproducts of compact Hausdorff spaces

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• The Chang-Łoś-Suszko theorem in a topological setting
• The pseudoarc is a co-existentially closed continuum
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• On the first-order expressibility of lattice properties related to unicoherence in continua
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