A note on the identification of restricted factor loading matrices

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It is shown that problems of rotational equivalence of restricted factor loading matrices in orthogonal factor analysis are equivalent to problems of identification in simultaneous equation systems with covariance restrictions. A necessary (under a regularity assumption) and sufficient condition for local uniqueness is given and a counterexample is provided to a theorem by \textit{J. Algina} [A note on identification in the oblique and orthogonal factor analysis model. ibid. 45, 393-396 (1980)] concerning necessary and sufficient conditions for global uniqueness.











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