A rigidity result for effective Hamiltonians with 3-mode periodic potentials

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Abstract: We continue studying an inverse problem in the theory of periodic homogenization of Hamilton-Jacobi equations proposed in [14]. Let V1,V2inC(mathbbRn) be two given potentials which are mathbbZn-periodic, and overlineH1,overlineH2 be the effective Hamiltonians associated with the Hamiltonians frac12|p|2+V1, frac12|p|2+V2, respectively. A main result in this paper is that, if the dimension n=2 and each of V1,V2 contains exactly 3 mutually non-parallel Fourier modes, then overline H_1equiv overline H_2 quad iff quad V_1(x)=V_2left({xover c}+x_0 ight) quad ext{ for all } x in mathbb{T}^2 = mathbb{R}^2/mathbb{Z}^2, for some cinmathbbQsetminus0 and x0inmathbbT2. When ngeq3, the scenario is slightly more subtle, and a complete description is provided for any dimension. These resolve partially the conjecture stated in [14]. Some other related results and open problems are also discussed.












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