Absolute minima of potentials of certain regular spherical configurations

DOI10.1016/J.JAT.2023.105930MaRDI QIDQ6093300zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 6 September 2023

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.04295

\(2_{41}\) polytope \(E_8\) lattice Coulomb potential dodecahedron extrema of a potential Gegenbauer polynomials icosahedron interpolation non-trivial index orthogonal polynomials Riesz potential spherical design

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Other designs, configurations (05B30) Higher-dimensional potential theory (31B99) Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Basic orthogonal polynomials and functions (Askey-Wilson polynomials, etc.) (33D45) Interpolation in approximation theory (41A05)

Abstract: We use methods of approximation theory to find the absolute minima on the sphere of the potential of spherical

(2 m - 3)

-designs with a non-trivial index

2 m

that are contained in a union of

m

parallel hyperplanes,

m g e q 2

, whose locations satisfy certain additional assumptions. The interaction between points is described by a function of the dot product, which has positive derivatives of orders

2 m - 2

,

2 m - 1

, and

2 m

. This includes the case of the classical Coulomb, Riesz, and logarithmic potentials as well as a completely monotone potential of the distance squared. We illustrate this result by showing that the absolute minimum of the potential of the set of vertices of the icosahedron on the unit sphere

S^{2}

in

m a t h b b R^{3}

is attained at the vertices of the dual dodecahedron and the one for the set of vertices of the dodecahedron is attained at the vertices of the dual icosahedron. The absolute minimum of the potential of the configuration of

240

minimal vectors of

E_{8}

root lattice normalized to lie on the unit sphere

S^{7}

in

m a t h b b R^{8}

is attained at a set of

2160

points on

S^{7}

which we describe.

Review text

The main result of this paper is the following: Let \(d,m \in\mathbb{N}\), \(m \geq 2\), and \(\omega_N = \{x_1,\dots,x_N\}\) be a point configuration on \(S^d\) whose index set \(\mathcal{I}_d (\omega_N)\) contains the numbers \(1, 2,\ldots, 2m - 3, 2m - 1, 2m\). Assume that numbers \(-1<t_1 <t_2 <\cdots<t_m <1\) are such that \[ \sum_{i=1}^m t_i < t_m/2\quad\text{and}\quad \sum_{i=1}^m t_i^2 - 2 \left(\sum_{i=1}^m\right)^2 < \frac{m(2m-1)}{4m+d-2} \] and that the set \(\mathcal{D}\) of points \(x^* \in S^d\) with \(\mathcal{D}(x^*,\omega_N) \subset \{t_1,\ldots,t_m\}\) is non-empty. Let \(f : [-1, 1] \to (-\infty, \infty]\) be a function continuous on \([-1, 1)\) with \(\lim\limits_{t\to1-} f (t) = f (1)\) and differentiable \(2m\) times in \((-1, 1)\) with non-negative derivatives \(f^{(2m-2)}\), \(f^{(2m-1)}\), and \(f^{(2 m)}\) on \((-1, 1)\). Then for every point \(x^* \in \mathcal{D}\), \[ \min\limits_{x\in S^d} \sum_{i=1}^N f(\mathbf{x}\cdot \mathbf{x}_i) = \sum_{i=1}^N f(\mathbf{x}^* \cdot \mathbf{x}_i).\tag{5} \] If, in addition, \(f^{(2 m)} > 0\) on \((-1,1)\), then the absolute minimum in (5) is achieved only at points of the set \(\mathcal D\). Several corollaries of the above results are also derived.

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