An Inverse Problem for the Relativistic Boltzmann Equation

DOI10.1007/S00220-022-04486-8MaRDI QIDQ6354030arXivWikidataFDO

Authors T. Balehowsky, Antti Kujanpää, M. Lassas, Tony Liimatainen

Publication date 18 November 2020

Published in arXiv

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/S00220-022-04486-8

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boltzmann equations (35Q20) Vlasov equations (35Q83) PDEs on manifolds (35R01) Inverse problems for PDEs (35R30) Global differential geometry of Lorentz manifolds, manifolds with indefinite metrics (53C50) Kinetic theory of gases in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C40)

arXiv classification

math-phmath.APmath.DGmath.MP

Abstract: We consider an inverse problem for the Boltzmann equation on a globally hyperbolic Lorentzian spacetime $(M,g)$ with an unknown metric $g$. We consider measurements done in a neighbourhood $VsubsetM$ of a timelike path $mu$ that connects a point $x^{-}$ to a point $x^{+}$. The measurements are modelled by a source-to-solution map, which maps a source supported in $V$ to the restriction of the solution to the Boltzmann equation to the set $V$. We show that the source-to-solution map uniquely determines the Lorentzian spacetime, up to an isometry, in the set $I^{+}(x^{-})cap{I}^{-}(x^{+})subsetM$. The set $I^{+}(x^{-})cap{I}^{-}(x^{+})$ is the intersection of the future of the point $x^{-}$ and the past of the point $x^{+}$, and hence is the maximal set to where causal signals sent from $x^{-}$ can propagate and return to the point $x^{+}$. The proof of the result is based on using the nonlinearity of the Boltzmann equation as a beneficial feature for solving the inverse problem.

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