Approximation dynamics

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2019.106920MaRDI QIDQ2334034zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 6 November 2019

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.02596

non-degenerate simplicial map relation dynamics shift-like dynamical systems simplicial dynamical systems subshifts of finite type tractable dynamical systems two-alphabet model

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dynamical aspects of measure-preserving transformations (37A05) Dynamics in general topological spaces (37B02) Symbolic dynamics (37B10) Multidimensional shifts of finite type (37B51) Morse-Smale systems (37D15) Uniformly hyperbolic systems (expanding, Anosov, Axiom A, etc.) (37D20)

Abstract: We describe the approximation of a continuous dynamical system on a p. l. manifold or Cantor set by a tractable system. A system is tractable when it has a finite number of chain components and, with respect to a given full background measure, almost every point is generic for one of a finite number of ergodic invariant measures. The approximations use non-degenerate simplicial dynamical systems for p. l. manifolds and shift-like dynamical systems for Cantor Sets.

Review text

By a \textit{dynamical system} we mean a pair \((X,f)\) consisting of a compact metric space \(X\) and a continuous map \(f : X \to X\). A \textit{measured dynamical system} is a triple \((X,f,\mu_0)\), where \((X,f)\) is a dynamical system and \(\mu_0\) is a Borel probability measure on \(X\) with full support. If \(\mu\) is an \(f\)-invariant Borel probability measure on \(X\), then a point \(x \in X\) is called \textit{generic} for \(\mu\) if \[ \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} u(f^i(x)) = \int u\, d\mu \] for every continuous real-valued function \(u\). Let \(\mathrm{Gen}(\mu)\) denote the set of all points generic for \(\mu\). \((X,f,\mu_0)\) is said to be \textit{tractable} if the following properties hold: (1) There is a finite number of ergodic invariant Borel probability measures \(\mu_1,\ldots,\mu_k\) such that \(\mu_0(\mathrm{Gen}(\mu_i)) > 0\) for \(i = 1,\ldots,k\) and \(\mu_0\left(\bigcup_{i=1}^{k}\mathrm{Gen}(\mu_i)\right) = 1\). (2) There are only finitely many basic sets. (3) There is a finite number of pairwise disjoint open subsets \(U_1,\ldots,U_k\) of \(X\) such that \(\mu_0(\mathrm{Gen}(\mu_i) \backslash U_i) = 0\) for \(i = 1,\ldots,k\). Examples of tractable systems include Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms and Axiom A diffeomorphisms. On the other hand, generic homeomorphisms on manifolds of positive dimension and on Cantor sets have uncountably many basic sets and, therefore, these systems are not tractable. The main goal of the paper is to describe a natural way to approximate an arbitrary dynamical system on a piecewise linear manifold or on a Cantor set by a tractable system. The given approximations are non-degenerate simplicial dynamical systems for piecewise linear manifolds and shift-like dynamical systems for Cantor sets.

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