Beables/observables in classical and quantum gravity

DOI10.3842/SIGMA.2014.092MaRDI QIDQ462636zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Edward Anderson

Publication date 21 October 2014

Published in SIGMA. Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1312.6073, http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/2014/092/index.html

IPFS File on IPFS (Hint: this is only the Hash - if you get a timeout, this file is not available on our server.)

zbMATH Keywords

beablesBergmannclassical and quantum gravitycommutatorconstrained dynamicsDiracKuchařloop quantum gravityM-theoryNambu bracketsobservablesPoissonproblem of timeSchouten-Nijenhuissupergravity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Constrained dynamics, Dirac's theory of constraints (70H45) Quantum measurement theory, state operations, state preparations (81P15) Commutation relations and statistics as related to quantum mechanics (general) (81S05) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to relativity and gravitational theory (83-02) Einstein's equations (general structure, canonical formalism, Cauchy problems) (83C05) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Relativistic gravitational theories other than Einstein's, including asymmetric field theories (83D05) Supergravity (83E50)

Abstract: Observables 'are observed' whereas beables just 'are'. This gives beables more scope in the cosmological and quantum domains. Both observables and beables are entities that form 'brackets' with 'the constraints' that are 'equal to' zero. We explain how depending on circumstances, these could be, e.g., Poisson, Dirac, commutator, histories, Schouten-Nijenhuis, double or Nambu brackets, first-class, gauge, linear or effective constraints, and strong, weak or weak-effective equalities. The Dirac-Bergmann distinction in notions of gauge leads to further notions of observables or beables, and is tied to a number of diffeomorphism-specific subtleties. Thus we cover a wide range of notions of observables or beables that occur in classical and quantum gravitational theories: Dirac, Kuchav{r}, effective, Bergmann, histories, multisymplectic, master, Nambu and bi-. Indeed this review covers a representatively wide range of such theories: general relativity, loop quantum gravity, histories theory, supergravity and M-theory.

Recommendations

• Observables in gravitational systems
• Can Dirac observability apply to gravitational systems?
• Relational observables in gravity: a review
• Local and gauge invariant observables in gravity
• INTRODUCTION TO DIRAC OBSERVABLES

Cited in

(4)

• Lie theory suffices to resolve the local classical problem of time
• What are observables in Hamiltonian Einstein-Maxwell theory?
• Can chaos be observed in quantum gravity?
• Comments on microcausality, chaos, and gravitational observables

This page was built for publication: Beables/observables in classical and quantum gravity

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q462636)