Block decomposition and statistics arising from permutation tableaux

Abstract: Permutation statistics

w n m

and

l m

are both arising from permutation tableaux.

w n m

was introduced by Chen and Zhou, which was proved equally distributed with the number of unrestricted rows of a permutation tableau. While

l m

is showed by Nadeau equally distributed with the number of

1

's in the first row of a permutation tableau. In this paper, we investigate the joint distribution of

w n m

and

l m

. Statistic

(l m, w n m, l m i n, d e s, (u n d e r l i n e 321))

is shown equally distributed with

(l m, l m i n, w n m, d e s, (u n d e r l i n e 321))

on

S_{n}

. Then the generating function of

(l m, w n m)

follows. An involution is constructed to explain the symmetric property of the generating function. Also, we study the triple statistic

(w n m, l m, a s c)

, which is shown to be equally distributed with

(l m a x - 1, l m i n, a s c)

as studied by Josuat-Verg

g r a v e e

s. The main method we adopt throughout the paper is constructing bijections based on a block decomposition of permutations.

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