BoundIRT
Bounded continuous data are encountered in many areas of test application. Examples include visual analogue scales used in the measurement of personality, mood, depression, and quality of life; item response times from tests with item deadlines; confidence ratings; and pain intensity ratings. Using this package, item response theory (IRT) models suitable for bounded continuous item scores can be fitted to data within a Bayesian framework. The package draws on posterior sampling facilities provided by R-package 'rstan' (Stan Development Team, 2025)<https://mc-stan.org/>. Available models include the Beta IRT model by Noel and Dauvier (2007)<doi:10.1177/0146621605287691>, the continuous response model by Samejima (1973)<doi:10.1007/BF03372160>, the unbounded normal model by Mellenbergh (1994)<doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2903_2>, and the Simplex IRT model by Flores et al. (2020)<doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43469-4_8>. All models can be fitted with or without zero-one inflation (Molenaar et al., 2022)<doi:10.3102/10769986221108455>. Model fit comparisons can be conducted using the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC), leave-one-out cross-validation information criterion (LOOIC), and the fully marginalized likelihood (i.e., Bayes factors).
- A Beta Item Response Model for Continuous Bounded Responses
- A Hierarchical Joint Model for Bounded Response Time and Response Accuracy
- A Unidimensional Latent Trait Model for Continuous Item Responses
- Estimation of Latent Ability Using a Response Pattern of Graded Scores
- Zero and One Inflated Item Response Theory Models for Bounded Continuous Data
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