CP violation from finite groups

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2014.03.023MaRDI QIDQ887545zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Mu-Chun Chen, Maximilian Fallbacher, K. T. Mahanthappa, Michael Ratz, Andreas Trautner

Publication date 26 October 2015

Published in Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.0507

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of group representations to physics and other areas of science (20C35) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05)

Abstract: We discuss the origin of CP violation in settings with a discrete (flavor) symmetry $G$. We show that physical CP transformations always have to be class-inverting automorphisms of $G$. This allows us to categorize finite groups into three types: (i) Groups that do not exhibit such an automorphism and, therefore, in generic settings, explicitly violate CP. In settings based on such groups, CP violation can have pure group-theoretic origin and can be related to the complexity of some Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. (ii) Groups for which one can find a CP basis in which all the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are real. For such groups, imposing CP invariance restricts the phases of coupling coefficients. (iii) Groups that do not admit real Clebsch-Gordan coefficients but possess a class-inverting automorphism that can be used to define a proper (generalized) CP transformation. For such groups, imposing CP invariance can lead to an additional symmetry that forbids certain couplings. We make use of the so-called twisted Frobenius-Schur indicator to distinguish between the three types of discrete groups. With $Delta(27)$, $T^{prime}$, and $Sigma(72)$ we present one explicit example for each type of group, thereby illustrating the CP properties of models based on them. We also show that certain operations that have been dubbed generalized CP transformations in the recent literature do not lead to physical CP conservation.

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Cited in

(40)

• \(\mathcal{CP}\) violation from string theory
• Mu-tau reflection symmetry with a texture-zero
• Residual \(Z_{2}\) symmetries and leptonic mixing patterns from finite discrete subgroups of U(3)
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• Eclectic flavor group \(\Delta(27) \rtimes S_3\) and Lepton model building
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• Goofy is the new normal
• Flavor symmetries and winding modes
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• Minimal eclectic flavor group Q₈ S₃ and neutrino mixing
• Flavor structures of charged fermions and massive neutrinos
• Lepton mixing from \(\operatorname{\Delta}(3 n^2)\) and \(\operatorname{\Delta}(6 n^2)\) and CP
• Symmetries of symmetries and geometrical CP violation
• Breaking classical Lie groups to finite subgroups - an automated approach

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