Certifiability criterion for large-scale quantum systems

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/15/11/113011MaRDI QIDQ5141593zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Florian Fröwis, Maarten Van den Nest, W. Dür

Publication date 18 December 2020

Published in New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1306.0370

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum computation (81P68) Computational stability and error-correcting codes for quantum computation and communication processing (81P73)

Abstract: Can one certify the preparation of a coherent, many-body quantum state by measurements with bounded accuracy in the presence of noise and decoherence? Here, we introduce a criterion to assess the fragility of large-scale quantum states which is based on the distinguishability of orthogonal states after the action of very small amounts of noise. States which do not pass this criterion are called asymptotically incertifiable. We show that, if a coherent quantum state is asymptotically incertifiable, there exists an incoherent mixture (with entropy at least log 2) which is experimentally indistinguishable from the initial state. The Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states are examples of such asymptotically incertifiable states. More generally, we prove that any so-called macroscopic superposition state is asymptotically incertifiable. We also provide examples of quantum states that are experimentally indistinguishable from highly incoherent mixtures, i.e., with an almost-linear entropy in the number of qubits. Finally we show that all unique ground states of local gapped Hamiltonians (in any dimension) are certifiable.

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Cited in

(3)

• Local decoherence-resistant quantum states of large systems
• Polarization entanglement purification for concatenated Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state
• Interpreting the macroscopic pointer by analysing the elements of reality of a Schrödinger cat

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