Characterization of solutions to dissipative systems with sharp algebraic decay

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Abstract: We characterize the set of functions u0inL2(Rn) such that the solution of the problem ut=mathcalLu in Rnimes(0,infty) starting from u0 satisfy upper and lower bounds of the form c(1+t)−gammale|u(t)|2lec′(1+t)−gamma.Here mathcalL is in a large class of linear pseudo-differential operator with homogeneous symbol (including the Laplacian, the fractional Laplacian, etc.). Applications to nonlinear PDEs will be discussed: in particular our characterization provides necessary and sufficient conditions on u0 for a solution of the Navier--Stokes system to satisfy sharp upper-lower decay estimates as above.In doing so, we will revisit and improve the theory of emph{decay characters} by C. Bjorland, C. Niche, and M.E. Schonbek, by getting advantage of the insight provided by the Littlewood--Paley analysis and the use of Besov spaces.




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