Comparison estimates for linear forms in additive number theory

Publication date 21 November 2017

Abstract: Let

R

be a commutative ring

R

with

1_{R}

and with group of units

R^{i m e s}

. Let

P h i = P h i (t_{1}, l d o t s, t_{h}) = s u m_{i = 1}^{h} v a r p h i_{i} t_{i}

be an

h

-ary linear form with nonzero coefficients

v a r p h i_{1}, l d o t s, v a r p h i_{h} i n R

. Let

M

be an

R

-module. For every subset

A

of

M

, the image of

A

under

P h i

is [ Phi(A) = { Phi(a_1,ldots, a_h) : (a_1,ldots, a_h) in A^h }. ] For every subset

I

of

1, 2, l d o t s, h

, there is the subset sum

s_{I} = s u m_{i i n I} v a r p h i_{i} .

Let

m a t h c a l S (P h i) = s_{I} : e m p t y s e t e q I s u b s e t e q 1, 2, l d o t s, h .

Theorem. Let

U p s i l o n (t_{1}, l d o t s, t_{g}) = s u m_{i = 1}^{g} u p s i l o n_{i} t_{i}

and

P h i (t_{1}, l d o t s, t_{h}) = s u m_{i = 1}^{h} v a r p h i_{i} t_{i}

be linear forms with nonzero coefficients in the ring

R

. If

0, 1 s u b s e t e q m a t h c a l S (U p s i l o n)

and

m a t h c a l S (P h i) s u b s e t e q R^{i m e s}

, then for every

v a r e p s i l o n > 0

and

c > 1

there exist a finite

R

-module

M

with

| M | > c

and a subset

A

of

M

such that

U p s i l o n (A c u p 0) = M

and

| P h i (A) | < v a r e p s i l o n | M |

.

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