Complex and tropical counts via positive characteristic

DOI10.1016/J.EXMATH.2022.07.003MaRDI QIDQ2105657zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Marco Pacini, Damiano Testa

Publication date 8 December 2022

Published in Expositiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.00955

zbMATH Keywords

classical enumerative problemscurveslengthpositive characteristicramification

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ramification problems in algebraic geometry (14E22) Positive characteristic ground fields in algebraic geometry (14G17) Plane and space curves (14H50) Enumerative problems (combinatorial problems) in algebraic geometry (14N10) Tropical geometry (14T99)

Abstract: We reconcile the discrepancy between the complex and tropical counts of some enumerative problems reducing to positive characteristic. Each problem that we consider suggests a prime with special behaviour. Modulo this prime, the solutions coalesce in uniform clusters: at this special prime, the geometric and the tropical behaviours match. As examples, we concentrate on inflection points of plane curves and theta-hyperplanes of canonical curves.

Review text

The authors consider some classical enumerative questions in algebraic geometry whose answer differs from the answer to the analogous question in the setting of tropical geometry. An instance of this phenomenon is the number of flexes of a general plane complex curve of degree \(d\ge 3\), which is equal to \(3d(d-2)\), while the tropical analogue is \(d(d-2)\) and coincides with the number of flexes in characteristic 3. In all the examples considered in the paper the situation is similar: there is a prime \(p\) such that the ratio (char \(0\) count)/(tropical count) is a power of \(p\) and the tropical count coincides with the characteristic \(p\) one. Motivated by this observation, the authors investigate the algebraic geometry side of the question and show that in each case the multiplicities in the count in characteristic \(p\) are the ramification indices in the reduction from characteristic zero to characteristic \(p\), where \(p\) is the relevant prime.

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Describes a project that uses

Uses Software

• Magma
• Book3264Examples

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