Complex complex landscapes

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVRESEARCH.3.023064MaRDI QIDQ6355819zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Jaron Kent-Dobias, Jorge Kurchan

Publication date 11 December 2020

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1103/PHYSREVRESEARCH.3.023064

Abstract: We study the saddle-points of the $p$-spin model -- the best understood example of a `complex' (rugged) landscape -- when its $N$ variables are complex. These points are the solutions to a system of $N$ random equations of degree $p-1$. We solve for $overlinemathcalN$, the number of solutions averaged over randomness in the $Noinfty$ limit. We find that it saturates the B'ezout bound $logoverlinemathcalNsimNlog(p-1)$. The Hessian of each saddle is given by a random matrix of the form $C^{d}aggerC$, where $C$ is a complex symmetric Gaussian matrix with a shift to its diagonal. Its spectrum has a transition where a gap develops that generalizes the notion of `threshold level' well-known in the real problem. The results from the real problem are recovered in the limit of real parameters. In this case, only the square-root of the total number of solutions are real. In terms of the complex energy, the solutions are divided into sectors where the saddles have different topological properties.

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