Concentration points for Fuchsian groups

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Abstract: A limit point p of a discrete group of Mobius transformations acting on S^n is called a concentration point if for any sufficiently small connected open neighborhood U of p, the set of translates of U contains a local basis for the topology of S^n at p. For the case of Fuchsian groups (n = 1), every concentration point is a conical limit point, but even for finitely generated groups not every conical limit point is a concentration point. A slightly weaker concentration condition is given which is satisfied if and only if p is a conical limit point, but not all conical limit points satisfy it. Examples are given that clarify the relations between various concentration conditions.


The local dynamics at a limit point of a Fuchsian or Kleinian group (a discrete group of Möbius transformations acting on the Poincaré disk or its boundary, the sphere \(S^n\) ``at infinity) can be complicated, and various types of limit points have been studied in the literature, among them the conical limit points. The authors call a limit point \(p\in S^n\) a concentration point if, for any sufficiently small connected open neighbourhood \(U\) of \(p\), the set of translates of \(U\) under the group action contains a local basis for the topology of \(S^n\) at \(p\). Various variants of such a definition are presented and studied in the paper, comparing them also with the notion of conical limit point (i.e. there is a sequence of translates of the origin of the Poincaré disk that converge to \(p\) and lie within a bounded hyperbolic distance of a geodesic ray ending at \(p\)). It is shown that for the case of Fuchsian groups (the case \(n=1\)) every concentration point is a conical limit point but that the converse does not hold, in general. Examples are given which clarify the relations between various concentration conditions, exhibiting also a different behaviour for finitely generated and infinitely generated Fuchsian groups with respect to limit points.











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