Constructing nowhere differentiable functions from convex functions.
Differentiation (real functions of one variable): general theory, generalized derivatives, mean value theorems (26A24) Nondifferentiability (nondifferentiable functions, points of nondifferentiability), discontinuous derivatives (26A27) Convexity of real functions in one variable, generalizations (26A51)
The author finds an easy way how to construct a continuous nowhere differentiable function from any nondecreasing convex function mapping the unit interval onto itself. The main result is the following. Theorem. Let \((a_n)\) be a sequence of nonnegative real numbers such that \(\sum_na_n<\infty\). Let \((b_n)\) be a strictly increasing sequence of integers such that \(b_n\) divides \(b_{n+1}\) for each \(n\), and the sequence \((a_nb_n)\) does not converge to \(0\). For each index \(j\geq 0\), let \(f_j\) be a continuous function mapping the real line onto the interval \([0,1]\) such that \(f_j=0\) at each even integer and \(f_j=1\) at each odd integer. For each integer \(k\) and each index \(j\), let \(f_j\) be convex on the interval \((2k,2k+2)\). Then the continuous function \(\sum_{j=1}^{\infty}a_jf_j(b_jx)\) has a finite left or right derivative at no point.
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